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Tipi

Historic Native American Tipis

Here a couple of photos illustrating the native american setup of tipis. It would be interesting to see how the particular reed tipi was made up.

Arapaho camp with buffalo meat drying near Fort Dodge, Kansas. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1870
Little Big Mouth, a medicine man, seated in front of his lodge near Fort Sill, Oklahoma, with medicine bag visible from behind the tent. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1869-70.
Reed Tipi, Cayuse Tribe, Umatilla Reservation, photographed by Thomas Leander Moorhouse, ~1900
Cayuse Tribe, Umatilla Reservation, photographed by Thomas Leander Moorhouse, 1900
Reed Tipi, Cayuse Tribe, Thorn Hollow, Umatilla Reservation, photographed by Thomas Leander Moorhouse, ~1900
Tipi construction (A) 1907, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Tipi construction (B) 1907, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Slow Bull's tipi 1907, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Medicine tripod (Apsaroke) 1908, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Cree tipis 1926, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Frame of the sponsor's tipi, Cree sun-dance 1926, photographed by E.S. Curtis
A Sarsi tipi 1926, photographed by E.S. Curtis
A Piegan play tipi 1926, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Painted tipis (Assiniboin) 1926, photographed by E.S. Curtis
A Piegan tipi 1926, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Transporting the ceremonial bag and tipi-cover of a Blackfoot society 1926, photographed by E.S. Curtis
A Blackfoot tipi. 1926, photographed by E.S. Curtis
An Apsaroke lodge 1908, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Medicine lodge (Apsaroke) 1908, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Piegan lodge 1910, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Return to faster's lodge (Piegan) 1911, photographed by E.S. Curtis
A child's lodge (Piegan) 1910, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Mat lodge (Yakima) 1910, photographed by E.S. Curtis
A holiday lodge (Yakima) 1910, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Joseph Dead Feast Lodge (Nez Perce) 1905, photographed by E.S. Curtis
A mat lodge (Umatilla) 1910, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Lodge of the Horn Society (Blood) 1926, photographed by E.S. Curtis
Preparatory lodge, Cheyenne sun dance 1927, photographed by E.S. Curtis

Detail Observation


Reed Tipi, Cayuse Tribe, Thorn Hollow, Umatilla Reservation, photographed by Thomas Leander Moorhouse, ~1900
An interesting part on all tipi photos are that the main canvas reaches 0-5cm (0-2") to the ground. This indicates the regions where those tipis are pitched are very dry with little rainfall, as otherwise the canvas would not reach so low, but have 10-20cm (5-7") space which reduces mould and moose growth on the canvas. The inlining inside of course should go on the ground.

Reed Mat based Tipi

Another interesting option of a tipi is the one either made of or covered with reed mats, e.g. those of Cayuse Tribe, there some poles are used from the outside to fixate the reed mats - and might have chosen to protect the canvas underneath. The question arises, whether below are buffalo or cotton-based canvas, and how the moisture after a rain behaves in between. E.g. in Europe with frequent humid climate from spring to late fall, the humidity poses a challenge in shelter construction.

Grass House

The similiarity is close, from reed mat based tipi to a grass house as seen here:

Old grass-house (Wichita) 1927, photographed by E.S. Curtis

Interior of Wichita grass-house 1927, photographed by E.S. Curtis


References

  • "The Indian Tipi, its history, construction, and use", 2nd Edition by Reginald & Gladys Laubin ISBN 0-8061-2236-6

Native References

Links

Sources to purchase tipis, and/or more information about tipis:


(End of Article)

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